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Causes of gingival hyperplasia could be due Antiepileptic drugs(phenytoin) Cyclosporine(immunosuppressant drug Nifidipine (calcium channel blocker) Hormonal changes during pregnancy Treatment includes Remove the cause, give alternate drugs Gingivectomy /gingivoplasty Electrocautery Surgical excision of enlarged tissues Laser
Excessive gingival display is an unattractive smile characteristic also called as gummy smile Excessive gingival display associated with multiple etiologies such as: Drug induced gingival fibromatosis Delayed passive eruption Vertical maxillary excess Short lip Hypermobility of upper lip Treatment depend upon underlying etiology Excessive gingival display caused by Drug induced and delayed passive eruption [...]
This is the image of 5 year old child showing Traumatic lip ulcer after dental visit due to lip biting after the use of local anesthesia